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Imagine an outdoor environment with highly diverse terrain in terms of tree density, mobility, and noise. To achieve reliable communication links in such harsh outdoor conditions, appropriate power allocation for any communication protocol is crucial, especially for power domain NOMA (Non-orthogonal multiple access) that can only distinguish multiple users based on power. In such complicated environments, transmit power depends not only on geographical distance, but also channel state and vegetation density. To incorporate all these factors, we have proposed a simple, yet novel approach for allocating transmit power to each user based on human intuition. For this, we have selected a fuzzy inference system with three inputs: distance, channel state, and vegetation density. To further enhance reliability, we have used cooperative communication in which an additional node acts as a relay to transport the source node data to the destination node.
This research presents an optimal power allocation framework empowered through cooperative communication for downlink power domain NOMA (Non-orthogonal multiple access). We have used a heuristic approach based on a fuzzy inference system for optimal allocation of power, considering user placement, channel state, and vegetation density, under the large-scale path loss model being used for 5G communication networks.
This proposed research has many real-world applications including beyond 5G communications, smart farming and precision agriculture, industrial communication networks, drone swarm communication, wearable devices and more. The research approach and solution proposed in this paper is completely generic in terms of its integration into any other communication protocol. Although, we have applied a fuzzy inference system to NOMA-based communication networks, it can be easily extended to other communication technologies such as subcarrier power allocation in orthogonal frequency division multiple access. More specifically, applications that need to be operated in mainly outdoor and highly mobile environments can highly benefit from the proposed technology.
This research primarily presents a novel, yet fundamental idea of simplified cooperative communication. There is huge potential for extending this to more complicated scenarios. For this reason, future steps include exploring the viability of this approach in a variety of channel conditions, implementing the scheme on software defined radio platforms, extending the network to a higher number of nodes, applying the scheme to massive multi-input multi-output systems, and integrating it with 5G/6G communication technologies.
Publication Title: Optimal Power Allocation and Cooperative Relaying under Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) Based Downlink PD-NOMA
Authors: Asif Mahmood, Mohamed Marey, Moustafa M. Nasralla, Maged A. Esmail, Muhammad Zeeshan
Publication Date: 22 April 2022
Name of Journal: MDPI Electronics
Link to publication: https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/11/9/1338